
LIO
(pronounced \lee-oh\)
means horse. The first lio arrived in Hawai’i in 1804. In 1832, the vaqueros
(Mexican cowboys) were invited to Hawai’i to teach Hawaiians how to ride
a lio and rope wild cattle. By 1836, long before the “wild west” and
what we consider “American cowboys,” Hawai’i had working paniolo
(Hawaiian cowboys). Ranching would become an important part of Hawai’i’s
economy. |
 HUMUHUMUNUKUNUKUĀPUA'A (pronounced: \who-moo-who-moo-nooh-kooh-nooh-kooh-aah-pooh-aah-aah\) means "triggerfish with a snout like a pig." The humuhumunukunukuāpua'a is the official state fish of Hawai'i. With its bright colors and bold markings, it is easily identifiable to snorkelers and swimmers and can be seen throughout the coral reefs in Hawai'i. |
 MOA KĀNE (pronounced: \moh-uh kah-nay\) means rooster. The moa kāne was brought to Hawai'i by the first settlers to these islands. Today, wild moa kāne can be found in both urban and rural settings all over Hawai'i. These brightly colored, sometimes speckled moa kāne, can be heard cock-a-doodle-doo-ing not just at first light, but all day long! |
HĀHĀLUA (pronounced \hah-hah-looh-uh\)
is the Hawaiian word for manta ray. Hāhālua are graceful swimmers and are known to leap out of the water, launching themselves into the air. Most hāhālua are about 12 feet wide. the largest known hāhālua was more than 25 feet across and weighed ~5000 pounds! |

ĀNUENUE
(pronounced \aah-nooh-aye-nooh-aye\)
means rainbow. Hawai’i is nicknamed the "Rainbow State" for its many brilliant ānuenue. Hawai’i's children, like its ānuenue, are a beautiful mixture of different cultures and traditions, making our state unique and very special. |

MO'O LIO
(pronounced \moh-oh lee-oh\)
is the Hawaiian word for sea horse. the mo'o lio is an endangered species; not many people have ever seen a mo'o lio in the wild. Mo'o lio are found in shades of red, yellow, pink, brown and orange, and are between 1 and 4 inches tall. they are often found swimming together with a partner, their tails hooked together.
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PU‘UWAI
(pronounced \pooh-oo-vye\)
means heart, or heart-shaped. Pu’uwai is
often used in songs to describe feelings of friendship and love. |

PUA‘A
(pronounced \pooh-ahh-uh\)
is the word for pig. In Hawai’i there are many wild pua'a that live in mountain forests. Pua'a were first brought to Hawai'i by Polynesian voyagers ~ 1500 years ago. Wild pua'a are usually black in color, weigh 120 pounds on average, and can have tusks as long as 5-6 inches! |

PUA
(pronounced \pooh-uh\)
means flower, blossom, or to bloom. Pua is also sometimes used poetically when
talking about a child or an offspring. The song “Kaulana Nā Pua” means: “famous/celebrated
are the children.” |

PĀPA‘I
(pronounced \pah-puh-ee\)
is the general name for crab. Pāpa’i regularly outgrow their shells
and form a new larger one, or molt, about 25 times throughout their lives. They
leave behind a perfect skeleton shell of themselves. These shells are fun to
find on rocks near the shoreline. |
 PE‘A (pronounced \pay-uh\)
is the word generally used for various species
of starfish. Most pe’a have
5 “arms,” or rays. A starfish that loses a ray has the amazing ability
to grow a whole new ray, given time. Some pe’a can regenerate their whole
body from a single ray! |

MO‘O (pronounced |moh-oh)
means lizard. Mo’o is also the word for dragon, serpent, or for a reptile
of any kind. The mo’o is an ancient mythological guardian spirit believed
to be a lizard of monstrous size... sometimes as big as a house! The mo’o
could use the body of the gecko as one of its many alternate forms. |

KOHOLĀ
(pronounced: \koh-hoh-lah\) means
humpback whale. Every winter, the koholā swim 3000
miles from Alaska to Hawaii to breed and give birth. A mother koholā is ~45 feet long and weighs ~40-45 tons. A koholā calf will
average 14 feet in length and weigh two tons at birth! |

PULELEHUA
(pronounced \pooh-leh-leh-hoo-uh)
means butterfly. Pulelehua is also the name of the Kamehameha butterfly, one
of only two butterflies native to Hawai’i. The Pulelehua Kamehameha is
Hawai’i’s state insect. Its bright red wings are bordered by a black
outline and span 2 1/2 inches. |

PŌPOKI
(pronounced:
\poh-poh-kee\)
means
cat. The pōpoki
was first brought to Hawaii in the late 1700s by European sailors
who carried them on ships to help with rodent control. Since
this introduction, pōpoki have become very popular pets for many
keiki and their parents throughout Hawaii. |

HONU
(pronounced \hoh-noo\)
is the general name for turtle. More specifically, honu refers to
the green sea turtle, a threatened species in Hawai’i. A full
size honu can weigh up to 400 pounds and is thought to have a lifespan
of 100 years! |

HE‘E
(pronounced \heh-eh\)
is the word for octopus. He’e are camouflage artists. They are able to
change color to match their environment in order to go undetected by their prey.
For fast getaways, he’e will eject a cloud of black ink to distract the
predator while they escape in the opposite direction. |

MANŌ
(pronounced \mah-noh\)
is the general name for shark. Manō have layered rows of teeth in their
gums. When one tooth falls out, another one takes its place. During its life
span, the manō may lose as many as 50,000 teeth! |

‘OPIHI
(pronounced \oh-pee-hee\)
is the word for limpet. ‘Opihi are usually found stuck firmly to rocks
near the rough ocean shoreline. In their likeness, young children clinging to
a loved one are often lovingly called: ‘opihi. |

NAI‘A
(pronounced \nye-uh\)
is
the word for dolphin. Nai’a are considered
to be one of the most intelligent animals. They are able to leap
to heights of over 20 feet! Nai’a are often seen “surfing” coastal
swells; play is a very important part of their lives. |

I‘A
(pronounced \ee-uh\)
means fish. I’a is also the word used to refer to any marine animal, such
as eel, oyster, or whale. There are 680 species of i’a in the Hawaiian
islands! More than 30% of these i’a are endemic to Hawai‘i: they
are found no where else in the world! |
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PIPI KĀNE
(pronounced \pee-pee-kah-neigh\)
means bull. The first pipi kane was introduced to Hawai’i
in 1793 by Captain Vancouver, as a gift to Kamehameha I. Kamehameha placed a
kapu (“taboo”) on all cattle so they would multiply; they were allowed
to roam free through villages and streets. Although these new animals were troublesome
at first, they were the seeds of what later grew into a rich ranching heritage
in Hawai’i.
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